Class 10 Civics Outcomes Of Democracy
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NCERT Notes For Class 10 Civics Outcomes Of Democracy
Class 10 Civics Outcomes Of Democracy
How do we assess democracy’s outcomes?
Democracy is a better form of government because it:
- It promotes equality among citizens.
- It enhances the dignity of the individual.
- It improves the quality of decision-making.
- It provides a method to resolve conflicts.
- It allows room to correct mistakes.
Democracy Produces Accountable, Responsive and Legitimate Government
• Non-democratic rulers do not have to bother about deliberation in assemblies or worry about majorities and public opinion.
Democracy
- People have the right to choose their rulers and they have control over their rulers.
- Citizens can participate in decision making.
- Thus, democracy produces a government that is accountable to the citizens, and responsive to the needs and expectations of the citizens.
- A democratic government will take more time to follow procedures before arriving at a decision.
- Because it has followed procedures, its decisions may be both more acceptable to the people and more effective.
Accountable
- Democracy ensures that decision making is based on norms and procedures.
- A citizen who wants to know if a decision was taken through the correct procedures can find this out. This is known as transparency.
Legitimate Government
- A democratic government is the people’s own government.
- People wish to be ruled by representatives elected by them.
- In democracy, governments are elected through a regular, free and fair elections.
- Laws are made following proper procedures, after much discussion with the representatives of the people.
- If people feel that government has done something which goes against the Constitution, people can challenge it in the Judiciary.
Economic growth and development
- Between 1950 and 2000, dictatorships have slightly higher rate of economic growth.
- Economic growth depends on various factors:
- → Size of the population of a country
- → Global situation
- → Co-operation from other countries
- → Economic policies adopted by the country
- The difference in the rates of economic development between less developed countries with dictatorships and democracies is negligible.
points show the relationship of democracy with economic growth and economic inequalities.
- Dictatorial regime has had a slightly better record of economic growth. But when we compare their record only in poor countries, there is virtually no difference.
- There can be a very high degree of inequalities within democracies.
- There is often inequality of opportunities available to the poorer sections of the society.
Reduction of inequality and poverty
Democracies are based on political equality, but we find growing economic inequalities.
- A small number of ultra-rich enjoy a highly disproportionate share of wealth and incomes. Their share in the total income of the country has been increasing.
- Those at the bottom strata of the society have very little to depend upon. Their incomes have been declining
In actual life, democracies do not appear to be very successful in reducing economic inequalities.
Accommodation of social diversity
- Democracy helps its citizens to lead a peaceful and harmonious life by accommodating various social divisions.
- No society can fully and permanently resolve conflicts among different groups.
- However, we can learn to respect these differences and we can evolve mechanisms to negotiate the differences.
- Democracy is best suited to produce this outcome. Ability to handle social differences, divisions and conflicts is a plus point of democratic regimes.
But democracy must fulfil 2 conditions in order to achieve this outcome:
- The majority always needs to work with the minority so that governments function to represent the general view.
- Rule by majority means that in case of every decision or in case of every election, different persons and groups may and can form a majority.
Dignity and Freedom of the Citizens
- Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting the dignity and freedom of the individual.
- The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy. Let’s take the case of the dignity of women.
- The long struggles by women have created some sensitivity that respect and equal treatment of women are necessary ingredients of a democratic society. The same is true of caste inequalities.
- Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal status and equal opportunity.
- Most individuals today believe that their vote makes a difference to the way the government is run and to their own self-interest.
- Democratic examination never gets over.
- As it passes one test, it produces another test.
- As people get some benefits of democracy, they ask for more and want to make democracy even better.
- The fact that people are complaining is itself a testimony to the success of democracy.
Class 10 Political Science(Civics) Updated Chapters
| Chapter 1 Power-sharing |
| Chapter 2 Federalism |
| Chapter 3 Gender, Religion and Caste |
| Chapter 4 Political Parties |
| Chapter 5 Outcomes of Democracy |
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