Class 10 English First Flight Chapter 11 The Proposal
| 1. Textbook Questions |
| 2. Before you read ( Activity ) |
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 English First Flight Chapter 11 The Proposal
Class 10 English First Flight Chapter 11 The Proposal
Textbook Questions
B. Thinking about the Play
1 . What does Chubukov at first suspect that Lomov has come for ? Is he sincere when he later says , ‘ And I have always loved you , my angel , as if you were my own son ? ‘ Find reasons for your answer from the play .
Ans . Chubukov has often helped Lomov with money whenever he requested for it . So , he thinks and suspects that Lomov will ask for money . But this time the case is different . He requests a proposal to get Nalalya’s hand in his . Since long , Chubukov has been considering Lomov as a suitable match for his daughter . Finding fact in his favour , Chubukov changes and uses sweet words and becomes ready to hand over the hands of his daughter in Lomov’s .
2. Chubukov says of Natalya , … as if the most consent ! She’s in love , egad , she’s like a lovesick cat …. ” . Would you agree ? Find reasons for your answer .
Ans . In reality Natalya has got the fittest age for the marriage . She wants a life partner . On the other hand , Chubukov also desires that his daughter should be married . Lomov is the most suitable match in every respect . In order to say something outwardly , Chubukov happens to pour out these words . It is an acceptable fact that Natalya loves Lomov from the core of her heart .
3. ( i ) Find all the words and expressions in the play that the characters use to speak about each other , and the accusations and insults they lest at each other . ( For example , Lomov in the end calls Chubukov an intriguer , but earlier , Chubukov has himself called Lomov a ‘ malicious , double faced intriguer ‘ Again Lomov begins by dissenting Natalya as ” an excellent housekeeper , not bad looking , well – educated . ”
Ans . There are so many words and expressions that the characters use to accuse and insult each other . Some can be given as under :
Chubukov calls Lomov : Pettifogger , lunatic , drunkard , villain , scarecrow , blind hen , sniffed sausage , wizen – faced frump , turnip ghost .
Lomov calls Chubukov and his family members : hump – backed , grabber ..
( ii ) Then think to find adjectives or adjectival expressions of your own to describe each character in the play .
Ans . Adjectival expression
Some of the adjectives can be thought as under proud , industrious , treasure , darling , love , decent , well – educated . sensible and lovable etc.
( iii ) Can you now imagine what these characters will quarrel about next ?
Ans . In reality the matter has now no legs . Natalya , the daughter of Chubukov has got the hand of Lomov . Both embrace and kiss each other . Chubukov blesses them to start a family bliss . But like a lie , a quarrel can be done on any issue . In reality matter finishes .
C. Thinking about Language
I. 1 . This play has been translated into English from the Russian original . Are there any expressions or ways of speaking that strike you as more Russian than English . For example , would an adult man be addressed by the older man ‘ my darling ‘ or ‘ my treasure ‘ in an English play ?
Ans . In this play , one can find Russian expressions and ways of speaking Russian . Some can be cited as under : ouf , frump , sausage , egad – lovesick cat .
Read through the play carefully , and find expressions that you think are not used in contemporary English , and contrast these with idiomatic modern English expressions , that also occur in the play .
Ans . Some of the expressions are as under :
1. You must excuse my apron and negligee .
2. We are shelling pease for drying .
3. Double – faced intriguer .
4. The stuffed sausage .
5. What a weight off my shoulder ouf .
2. Look up the following words in a dictionary and find out how to pronounce them . Pay attention to how many syllables there are in each word , and find out which syllable is stressed , or said more forcefully .
|
Words |
Pronunciation |
Stressing the Syllables |
|
interfere |
इन – टर – फिअर |
in – ter – fere |
|
implore |
इम् – प्लोर |
im – plore |
|
thoroughbred |
थर- ब्रेड |
through ‘ – bred |
|
pedigree |
पे – डि – ग्री |
Pe – di – gree |
|
principle |
प्रिन्सि – पल |
princi – ple |
|
evidence |
ऐ – विडेन्स |
evi – dence |
|
misfortune |
मिस – फॉर – चून |
mis – for – tune |
3. Look up the following phrases in a dictionary , find out their meaning , and then use each in a sentence of your own .
Ans . ( i ) You may take it that you may accent it likewise .
When all the modes of making him understood about the building , Mohan has to say that he may take it that .
( ii ) He seems to be coming round . Coming to sense में आना
When the water was sprinkled on the man’s fall , he seemd to be coming round .
( iii ) My foot has gone to sleep – feeling troubled .
On seeing his brother in the hospital , Mohan’s foot has gone to sleep .
II. Reported Speech
A sentence in reported speech consists of two parts ; a reporting clause , which contains the reporting verb , and the reported clause . Look at the following sentences :
( a ) ” I went to visit my grandma last week , ” said Mamta .
( b ) Mamta said that she had gone to visit her grandma the previous week . In sentence ( a ) , we have Manila’s exact words . This is an example of direct speech . In sentence ( b ) , someone is reporting what Mamta said . This is called indirect speech or reported speech . A sentence in reported speech is made up of two parts – a reporting clause and a reported clause .
In sentence ( b ) Mamta said is the reporting clause containing the reporting verb said , The other clause – that she had gone to visit her grandma last week – is the reported clause .
Notice that in sentence ( b ) we put the reporting clause first . This is done to show that we are not speaking directly , but reporting some one else’s words .
The tense of the verb also changes past tense ( went ) becomes past perfect had gone .
Here are some pairs of sentences indirect and reported speech . Read them carefully , and do the task that follows :
1. ( i ) Lomov : Honoured Stepan Stepanovitch , do you think I may count on her consent ? ( Direct Speech )
( ii ) Lomov asked Stepan Stepanovitch respectfully if he thought he might count on her consent . ( Reported Speech )
2. ( i ) Lomov : I’m getting a noise in my ears from excitement . ( Direct Speech )
( ii ) Lomov said that he was getting a noise in his ears from excitement . ( Reported Speech )
3. ( i ) Natalya : Why haven’t you been here for such a long time ? ( Direct Speech )
( ii ) Natalya Stepanovna asked why he hadn’t been mere for such a long time . ( Reported Speech )
4. ( i ) Chubokov : What’s the matter ? ( Direct Speech )
( ii ) Chubokov asked him what the matter was . ( Reported Speech )
5. ( i ) Natalya : My mowers will be there this very day ! ( Direct Speech )
( ii ) Natalya Stepanovna declared that her mowers would be there that very day . ( Reported Speech )
You must have noticed that when we report someone’s exact words , we have to make some changes in the sentence structure . In the following sentences fill in the blanks to list the changes that have occurred in the above pairs of sentences . One has been done for you .
1. To report a question , we use the reporting verb asked , ( as in sentence Set I )
2. To report a declaration , we use the reporting verb declared , ( as in sentence Set I )
3. The adverb of place here changes to mere , ( as in sentence Set 3 )
4. When the verb in direct speech is in the present speech , the verb in reported speech is in the corresponding past tense , ( as in sentence Set 3 )
5. If the verb in direct speech is in the present continuous tense , the verb in reported speech changes to past continuous tense , ( as in Sentence Set 2 ) Changes to was getting .
6. When the sentence in direct speech contains a word denoting respect , we add the adverb respectfully in the reporting clause ( as in sentence Set I )
7. The pronouns I , we , our and mine which are used in the first person indirect speech , change to second pronouns such as …………. or …………. in reported speech .
Ist person changes with subject
IInd person changes with object
IIIrd person no change .
See the example – Lomov : Honoured Stepan Stepanovitch , do you think I may count on her consent ? ( Direct Speech )
Lomov asked Stepan Stepanovitch respectfully if he thought he might count on her consent ( Reported Speech )
III. Here is an excerpt from an article from the Times of India dated 27 August , 2006. Rewrite it , changing the sentences in direct speech with reported speech . Leave the other sentences unchanged :
Why do you want to know my age ? If people know I am so old , I won’t get work ! Laughs 90 years old A. K Hangal , one of Hindi Cinema’s most famous character actor .
For his age , he is rather energetic , ” What’s the secret ? “ we ask .
” My intake of everything is in small quantities . And I walk a lot , ” he replies . I joined the industry when people retire . I was in my 40s . So I don’t miss being called a star . I am still respected and given work , when actors of my age are living in poverty and without work . I don’t have any complaints ” he says , adding ” but yes , I have always been underpaid . “
Recipient of the Padma Bhushan , Hangal never hankered after money or materialistic gains
” No doubt , I am content today , but money is important . I was a fool not to understand the value of money NG earlier , ” he reports
Ans . 90 years old A. K. Hangal one of the Hindi cinema’s most famous character actor , asks laughing why he wants to know his age .
For his age , he is rather energetic .
We ask what the secret is .
He replies that his intake of everything is in small quantities and tells that he walks a lot . He further tells that he joined the industry when people retire .
He tells that he was in his 40s ( forties ) and so he does not miss being called a star and that he is still respected and given work when actors of his age are living in poverty and without work . He further tells that he does not have any complaints . But he complains that he has always been underpaid . Being the recipient of the Padma Bhushan Hangal has never hankered after money or materialise gains . He points out with regret that there is no doubt that he is content today but money is important and he was a fool not to understood the value of money earlier .
D. Speaking and Writing
1. Anger Management : As adults , one important thing to learn is how to manage our temper . Some of us tend to get angry quickly , while others remain calm .
Can you think of the ill – effects that result from anger ? Note them down . Suggest ways to avoid being in your temper in such situations . Are there any benefits from anger ?
Ans . Ill – effects of anger :
1. It directly affects our blood circulation and increases blood pressure .
2 It has impact on our heart and any trouble relating to heart may create .
3 . It creates tension , stress and trouble .
There is no benefit from anger
2. In pairs , prepare a script based on the given excerpt from The Home and The World by exchanges between the characters with other direction such as movements on stage and way of speaking etc.
One afternoon , when I happened to be specially busy , word came to my office room that Bimla had sent for me . I was startled .
“ Who did you say had sent for me ? ” I asked the messenger .
“ The Rani Mother ” .
” The Bari Rani ? “
“ No , sir , the Choti Rani Mother . “
The Choti Rani ! It seemed a century since I had been sent for by her . I kept them all waiting there , and went off into the inner apartments . When I stepped into our room I had another shock of surprise to find Himala there with a distinct suggestion of being dressed up . The room , which from persistent neglect , had latterly acquired an air of having grown absent – minded , had regained something of its old order this afternoon . I stood there silently looking enquiringly at Bimala .
She flushed a little and the fingers of her right hand toyed for a time with the bangles on her left arm . Then she abruptly broke the silence . ” Look here , is it right that ours should be the only market in all Bengal which allows foreign goods ? “
” What , then , would be the right thing to do ? ” I asked .
” Order them to be cleared out ! “
” But the goods are not mine . “
” Is not the market yours ? “
” Let them trade in Indian goods , then . “
” Nothing would please me better . But suppose they do not ? “
” Nonsense ! How dare they be so insolent ? Are you not ….. “
” I am very busy this afternoon and cannot stop to argue it out . But I must refuse to tyrannise . “
” It would not be tyranny for selfish gain , but for the sake of the country . “
” To tyrannise for the country is to tyrannise over the country . But that I am afraid you will never understand ” With this I came away .
Ans . The teacher will demonstrate the activity with the help of the students .
3. In groups , discuss the qualities one should look for in a marriage partner . You might consider the following points :
- Personal qualities
– Appearance or looks
– Attitudes and beliefs
– Sense of humor
- Value system
– Compassion and kindness
– Tolerance , ambition
– Attitude to money and wealth
- Education and professional background .
Ans . It is for group discussion . However , certain more points can be given for help .
( i ) Percentage and their background , ( ii ) Caste and religion , ( iii ) Traditions prevalent in the community , ( iv ) Her consent as well as the consent of the parents on both the sides , ( v ) Her behaviour and so on , ( vi ) Social status , ( vii ) Serving and welfare attitude .
4. Are there parts of the play that remind you of film scenes from romantic comedies ? Discuss this in groups , and recount to the rest of the class episodes similar to those in the play .
Note : This is meant for group discussion .
( BEFORE YOU READ )
A. Activity
1. Do you think Indian and Russian weddings have any customs in common ? With the help of a partner fill in the table below :
Ans .
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