NCERT Notes For Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment

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Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment

NCERT Notes For Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment, in this step-by-step answer guide. In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their expertise of the chapter.

Students regularly want guidance managing those NCERT Notes. It’s most effective natural to get stuck withinside the exercises while solving them so that you can assist students score higher marks, we’ve provided step by step NCERT answers for all exercises of Class ten Science so you can be looking for assist from them.

Students should solve those exercises carefully as questions withinside the final exams are requested from those, so these exercises immediately have an impact on students’ final score. Find all NCERT Notes for Class ten Science below and prepare in your tests easily.

NCERT Notes For Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment

Class 10 Science Chapter 15 Our Environment

Our Environment – Class 10 Science

Our Environment

Environment: Our surrounding is called environment. Note:

  1. Living and non-living present in environment.
  2. They are dependent each other.

Living Thing: Organisms that can ability to grow, reproduce, take in and use energy, excrete waste, respond to the environment, and possess an organized structure

These are three types:

  1. Producers (Autotrophs): Organisms which produce their own food, e.g. Plants.
  2. Consumers: Organism which depend on other organisms for food, e.g. Lion, Elephant and Human etc.

These are three types:

  •  
    1. Herbivores: Eat only plants e.g. Deer, Elephant and Cow etc.
    2. Carnivores: Eat only other animals e.g. Lion, Snake etc.
    3. Omnivores: Eat both plants and animals e.g. Humans, Crow etc.

Plants -> Grasshopper -> Frog -> Snake -> Hawk

(Producers) (Primary Consumer) (Secondary) (Tertiary) (Top Consumer) (1st order) (2nd order) (3rd order)

  1. Decomposers: Organisms who fee on dead plants and animals e.g. Bacteria, Fungi and worm etc.

Note:

  •  
    1. Clean up environment by decomposing dead organisms
    2. They break complex compound in dead organism into nutritions. These nutritions mix with soil making soil more fertile.

Food Chain: Food chain is a series of organisms in which every next organism depends on the one before it.

E.g.: (i) Plants à Grasshopper à Frog à Snake à Hawk

  1. Plants à Deer à Lion
  2. Algae à Insect à fish à Bird

Food Web: In our environment, there can be many food chains which are interlinked at various levels. Thus, many food chains form a network which is called food web.

Food Web

Trophic Levels: Different levels in the food chain are called trophic level.

E.g.:

(i)

Algae àInsect àfishàBird
ProducersHerbivoreCarnivoreTop Consumer

(1st Trophic Level) (2nd Trophic Level) (3rd Trophic Level) (4th Trophic Level)

(ii) Plants à Deer à Lion Producers Herbivore Top Consumer

(1st Trophic Level) (2nd Trophic Level) (3rd Trophic Level)

Flow of Energy: Sun is ultimate source of energy. Only 1% of solar energy coming to earth is absorbed by plants.

  • Plants convert this energy to chemical energy by the process of photosynthesis.
  • Some of this energy is lost by plants to surrounding.
  • Rest is stored in body of plants. Almost90% of this energy is utilized for its own need and rest 10% is left for the organism of the next trophic level.
  • So, very little energy is left for the organism which is at the tertiary level. Flow of energy is unidirectional.

E.g.

Only 10% of the energy is transfer to the next trophic level

Plants àGrasshopperàFrogà Snakeà Hawk
10000 J→1000J→ 100 J→ 10 J

Biological Magnification: As we move to higher trophic level certain harmful substances such as Mercury, DDT and Pesticides etc. are accumulated, this is called biological magnification.

Ecosystem: This is a system of interdependencies among various living beings and non-living things in a given habitat.

An ecosystem has two types of components.

  1. Abiotic Component:All the non-living things make the abiotic component of an ecosystem. E.g. Air, water and soil are the abiotic components.

Note:

  •  
    1. Air provides oxygen (For respiration) and carbon di oxide (for photosynthesis)and other gases for various needs of the living beings.
    2. Water is essential for all living beings because all the metabolic activities happen in the presence of water.
    3. Soil is the reservoir of various nutrients which are utilized by plants
  1. Biotic Component: All living beings make the biotic component of an ecosystem. E.g.: Green plants, Animals and Bacteria and fungi etc.

Note:

  •  
    1. Green plants play the role of producers. Because they prepare own food by process of photosynthesis.
    2. Animals and other living beings play the role of consumers. Because they dependent for food (directly or indirectly) from plants.
    3. Bacteria and fungi play the role of decomposers. As they decompose dead remains of plants and animals so that raw materials of organisms can be channelized back to the environment.

Our Effect on Environment:

Waste: Due to our waste environment get polluted.There are some examples of waste: House hold garbage: Kitchen waste, Paper, Polythene, wood, Glass, Metal cans and detergents.

Sewage: Waste products generated by human body. Commercial waste: from shops, hospitals waste Industrial waste: chemical which are used in industry.

E-Waste/ Electronic waste: Useless mobile phones, computer systems and old electronic instruments.

Wastes are two types:

  1. Biodegradable: Wastes which can be decomposed by living organisms like decomposers. They mainly include plants and animals. E.g. Paper, Cotton, Veg waste, Sewage etc.
  1. Non- Biodegradable: Waste which cannot be decomposed by living organisms are non- biodegradable. E.g. Glass, Metals, Plastics, Dyes, detergents etc.

Note:

  1. We should use more of biodegradable material for saving our environment. Such as cotton bags instead of Polythene.
  2. Paper is biodegradable but should still be avoided for saving the plants.

Disposal of Waste:

Recycle: Paper, Polythene, metal and cans.

Biogas Plants:Sewage and food waste used in make of biogas.

Dump in pits: Sewage and food waste becomes fertilizers after decomposition.

Burnt: Hospital wastes Should be burnt..

Ozone Layer Depletion: Ozone layer is found high up in atmosphere. When ultraviolet radiations act on oxygen, the oxygen gets converted into ozone.

UV

O2 → O + O

O2 + O → O3 (Ozone)

Ozone layer works like a protective shield for living beings. The ozone layers wards off harmful ultraviolet radiations from the sun, which cause cancer, cataract and destroy plant.

Depletion: Ozone layer is becoming thin worldwide. It is thinnest at Antarctica and then Artic. This lets more UV rays to reach the surface of earth. It is call Ozone hole.

Reason:

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs): CFCs is used in refrigerators, air conditions, fire extinguishers and Shaving creams, which cause depletion of ozone layer.

Prevention: In 1987, the UNEP (United Nations Environment Programme) succeeded in forging an agreement among different countries not to produce CFCs. Since then, there is decrease in growth of depletion.

Benefits of NCERT Notes

NCERT’s Class 10 Notes contains extremely important points, and for each chapter, each concept has been simplified to make it easier to remember and increase your chances of achieving excellent exam results. Exam Preparation References Here are some tips on how these Notes can help you prepare for the exam.

  1. This helps students solve many of the problems in each chapter and encourages them to make their concepts more meaningful.
  2. NCERT Notes for Class 10 encourage you to update your knowledge and refine your concepts so that you can get good results in the exam.
  3. These Notes are the best exam materials, allowing you to learn more about your week and your strengths. To get good results in the exam, it is important to overcome your weaknesses.
  4. Most of the questions in the exam are formulated in a similar way to NCERT textbooks. Therefore, students should review the solutions in each chapter in order to better understand the topic.
  5. It is free of cost.

Tips & Strategies for Class 10 Exam Preparation

  1. Plan your course and syllabus and make time for revision
  2. Please refer to the NCERT solution available on the cbsestudyguru website to clarify your concepts every time you prepare for the exam.
  3. Use the cbsestudyguru learning app to start learning to successfully pass the exam. Provide complete teaching materials, including resolved and unresolved tasks.
  4. It is important to clear all your doubts before the exam with your teachers or Alex (an Al study Bot). 
  5. When you read or study a chapter, write down algorithm formulas, theorems, etc., and review them quickly before the exam.
  6. Practice an ample number of question papers to make your concepts stronger. 
  7. Take rest and a proper meal.  Don’t stress too much. 

Why opt for cbsestudyguru NCERT Notes for Class 10 ? 

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