NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Diversity In Living Organisms
| 1. Exercise Questions |
| 2. Intext Questions |
NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Diversity In Living Organisms on this step-by-step Diversity In Living Organisms answer guide . In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their knowledge of the chapter. Students regularly want guidance dealing with those NCERT Solutions. It’s most effective natural to get stuck withinside the exercises while solving them so that you could assist students rating better marks, we have provided grade by grade NCERT answers for all exercises of Class 9 Science Diversity In Living Organisms so you can be searching for assist from them. Students have to solve those exercises carefully as questions withinside the very last exams are requested from those so these exercises at once have an impact on students’ final score. Find all NCERT Solutions for Class nine Science Diversity In Living Organisms below and prepare for your tests easily.
NCERT Solution for Class 9 Science – Chapter 7
Diversity in living Organisms
Exercise Questions
Q. 1. What are the advantages of classifying organisms ?
Ans . Classification of organisms can be done on the basis of their characteristic features and function , etc.
Classification of organisms has the following advantages :
( i ) It helps to simplify the study of scientific experiments that perform on the organisms .
( ii ) By studying only few animals , the characteristics of the whole group can be known .
( iii ) It helps to study wide variety of animals or plants very easily and in a short period of time .
( iv ) It helps us in recognising the basic plan of a hierarchical structure amongst various species .
( v ) It helps to establish the inter – relationship amongst different groups of organisms and in turn provides the information about their evolution .
Q. 2. How would you choose between two characteristics to be used for developing a hierarchy in classification ?
Ans . ( i ) For developing a hierarchy of classification , we choose the fundamental characteristics ( like gross character ) amongst several other characteristics , for example , species .
( ii ) We have to check whether the given character is present in a small number of organisms or a larger number of organisms .
( iii ) By selecting the basic characteristic , broad divisions in living organisms can be prepared as the next level of characteristic is dependent on these . Then this will decide the subsequent divisions of the group . This goes on to form a hierarchy of characteristics . The commonality of characters would represent some higher taxa like genus , family , order or phylum .
Q. 3. Explain the basis for grouping organisms into five kingdoms .
Ans . ( i ) Five kingdom classifications were given by R. H. Whittaker in 1969. He divided the living world into five kingdoms : Monera , Protista , Fungi , Plantae and Animalia .
( ii ) Basis of five kingdom classifications is :
( a ) Nature of the cells ( i.e. , either prokaryotic or eukaryotic ) .
( b ) Number of cells [ i.e. , unicellular ( single – cell organisms ) or multicellular ( complex organisms ) ] .
( c ) Presence or absence of cell wall .
( d ) Mode of nutrition ( i.e. , whether they prepare their own food or depend on other for their food ) .
Q. 4. What are the major divisions in the Plants ? What is the basis for these divisions ?
Ans . ( i ) Plants are divided into five major divisions :
Thallophyta , Bryophyta , Pteridophyta , Gymnosperms and Angiosperms .
( ii ) Plants are classified on the basis of following features :
( a ) Tissue differentiation : Thallophyta includes those plants that do not have a well – differentiated plant body whereas bryophyta , pteridophyta , gymnosperms and angiosperms have well differentiated plant parts .
( b ) Vascular tissue ( xylem and phloem ) : Plants without specialised vascular tissues are included in bryophyta whereas other division of plants have well – developed vascular tissue .
( c ) Reproduction by seeds : Pteridophyta plants do not produce seeds whereas plants of gymnosperms and angiosperms are reproduced by seeds .
( d ) Flowers and fruits : Gymnosperms are nonflowering plants with naked seeds whereas angiosperm are flowering plants in which the seeds are enclosed inside the fruit .
( e ) Outline classification of plants into five divisions .
Q.5 . How are the criteria for deciding divisions in plants different from the criteria for deciding the subgroups among animals ?
Ans . ( i ) Criteria of plant classification :
( a ) Differentiated or undifferentiated plant body .
( b ) Presence or absence of vascular tissues .
( c ) Presence or absence of seeds .
( d ) Naked seeds or seeds enclosed within fruits .
( ii ) Criteria of animal classification : Animals are classified on the basis of cytology , morphology , cell layers and presence and absence of various other features , for example ,
( a ) Presence or absence of notochord : Non – chordates do not possess a notochord , while all members of the phylum chordates possess a notochord .
( b ) Non – chordates are further divided into porifera , coelenterate , platyhelminthes , nematodes , annelids , mollusca , arthropoda and echinodermata on the basis of the following features .
( i ) Cellular or tissue level of body organisation .
( ii ) Body symmetry .
( iii ) Type of body cavity ( coelom ) .
( iv ) Presence or absence of segmentation , etc.
Q. 6. Explain how animals in Vertebrata are classified into further subgroups .
Ans . ( i ) Vertebrata are advanced chordates with a well – developed cranium or skull ( in which brain is enclosed ) and a segmented spinal column or vertebral column .
( ii ) Vertebrata is classified into further sub – group on the basis of simple to complex forms of structures and their functions . Examples : Pisces and tetrapoda ( amphibian , reptilia , aves and mammals ) .
( iii ) Pisces have streamlined body with tails and fins which help them swim whereas tetrapoda species have four limbs for the movement .
( iv ) Amphibian are cold – blooded animals that live both in the land as well as in water .
( v ) Reptilia are cold – blooded animals with three chambered heart . Their skin is very thick and with stands extreme temperatures .
( vi ) Aves are warm – blooded animals . Forelimbs of these organisms are modified into wings which help them in their flight . They have beak and feathers that cover the body .
( vii ) Mammalia shows nurturing skills as they contain mammary glands to support them . Their skin is covered with hair and most of them are viviparous in nature .
Intext Questions
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Q. 1. Why do we classify organisms ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 80 ]
Ans . ( i ) Organisms are classified on the basis of their similar characteristics and habitat .
( ii ) By classifying the organisms , it is easier and more convenient to study their characteristic features .
Q. 2. Give three examples of the range of variations that you see in life forms around you . [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 80 ]
Ans . The ranges of variations in life form we see in our surrounding environment are :
( i ) Size : Organisms vary greatly in size ranging from microscopic bacteria to elephants , whales and large trees , for example , small frog to big whale .
( ii ) Colour : The colour of various plants and animals are quite different . Some worms are even colourless or transparent , for example , black cuckoo to colourful peacock .
( iii ) Life span : Life span of different organisms also varies greatly , for example , a mosquito lives only for a few days while a turtle can live for around 200 years . Some pine trees also live for thousands of years , for example , creeper to eucalyptus tree .
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Q. 3 . Which do you think is a more basic characteristic for classifying organisms ?
( a ) The place where they live .
( b ) The kind of cells they are made of Why ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 82 ]
Ans . The most basic characteristic for classifying organism is the type of cell they are made of than the basis of their habitat . It is because :
( a ) A habitat can have species with different characteristics living in harmony whereas the organisms with similar cell arrangement will have similar characteristics . Organisms are classified on the basis of eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells .
( b ) The kind of cells they possess will tell various things like , whether they are eukaryotes or prokaryotes , whether they have the ability in making a multicellular organism , etc.
Q. 4. What is the primary characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made ? [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 82 ]
Ans . ( i ) The basic characteristic on which the first division of organisms is made is the nature of cells .
( ii ) Based on this criterion life forms can be classified into prokaryotic cell and eukaryotic cell which has further classifications within them .
Q.5 . On what bases are plants and animals put into different categories ? [ NCERT Q. 3 , Page 82 ]
Ans . ( i ) The primary consideration of classification of plant and animal is the presence and absence of cell wall . Plant cells have cell wall while animals lack cell wall .
( ii ) Another criterion is the mode of nutrition . Plants ( autotrophs ) can make their own food by the process of photosynthesis while animals ( heterotrophs ) obtain food from other organisms .
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Q. 6. Which organisms are called primitive and how are they different from the so – called advanced organisms ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 83 ]
Ans . The organisms which have a very simple cell structure and mechanism with no division of labour are called the primitive organisms , whereas ones with millions of cells which are formed into different organs for various mechanisms like mammals are called the advanced organisms .
Q. 7. Will advanced organisms be the same as complex organisms ? Why ? [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 83 ]
Ans . ( i ) Yes , the advanced organisms will be the same as complex organisms .
( ii ) Because , advancement leads to multiple cell arrangements that will function in a unique way .
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Q. 8. What is the criterion for classification of organisms as belonging to kingdom Monera or Protista ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 85 ]
Ans . ( i ) The presence or absence of a well – defined nucleus or membrane – bound organelles is the main criterion for classification of organisms .
( ii ) The ones with no nuclear membrane are defined to be Monera while the ones that have well – defined nuclei membranes are Protista .
Q. 9. In which kingdom will you place an organism is single – celled , eukaryotic and photosynthetic ? which [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 85 ]
Ans . ( i ) According to five kingdom classifications , all the single – celled , eukaryotic organisms have been placed under the Kingdom protista .
( ii ) Unicellular , eukaryotic cell and photosynthetic nature are the characteristic features of Euglena . As Euglena is a unicellular organism , therefore , it needs to be placed in Protista kingdom .
Q. 10. In the hierarchy of classification , which grouping will have the smallest number of organisms with a maximum of characteristics in common and which will have the largest number of organisms ? [ NCERT Q. 3 , Page 85 ]
Ans . ( i ) In the hierarchy of classification , the category species will have the smallest number of organisms with a maximum characteristic in common .
( ii ) The organisms that are classified under the kingdom will have the largest number of organisms as it is at the top level of the hierarchy .
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Q. 11. Which division among plants has the simplest organisms ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 88 ]
Ans . ( i ) Algae or thallophyta has the simplest organisms among the plants .
( ii ) It is the lowest group of plants . Organisms of these groups do not have well differentiated body design .
Q. 12. How are pteridophytes different from the phanerogams ? [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 88 ]
Ans . ( i ) Pteridophytes and phanerogams differ mainly in their reproductive organs .
( ii ) Pteridophytes have a naked embryo and unclear reproductive organ , therefore they are called cryptogams or those with hidden reproductive organs , while the phanerogams have a covered embryo and a well – defined reproductive organ .
Q.13 . How do gymnosperms and angiosperms differ from each other ? [ NCERT Q. 3 , Page 88 ]
Ans . Difference between gymnosperms and angiosperms :
( i ) They both differ from each other on the basis of seed structure . In gymnosperms , the seeds are naked means seeds are not enclosed inside fruits while in angiosperms they are covered , means seeds are enclosed inside fruits .
( ii ) Gymnosperms are non – flowering plants while angiosperms are flowering plants .
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Q. 14. How do poriferan animals differ from coelenterate animals ? [ NCERT Q. 1 , Page 94 ]
Ans . Differences between porifera and coelenterata animals :
Q. 15. How do annelid animals differ from arthropods ? [ NCERT Q. 2 , Page 94 ]
Ans . Difference between annelida and arthropods :
Q. 16. What are the differences between amphibians and reptiles ? [ NCERT Q. 3 , Page 94 ]
Ans . Differences between amphibian and reptilia :
Q.17 . What are the differences between animals belonging to the Aves group and those in the Mammalia group ? [ NCERT Q. 4 , Page 94 ]
Ans . Difference between Aves and Mammalia :
Benefits of NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Science Chapter 7 Diversity In Living Organisms
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