NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazi and the Rise of Hitler
| 1. Exercise Questions |
| 2. Intext Questions |
NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler in this step-by-step answer guide. In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their expertise of the chapter. Students regularly want guidance managing those NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler.
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NCERT Solutions For Class 9 History
Chapter 3 Nazism and the Rise of Hitler
Exercise Questions
1. Describe the problems faced by the Weimar Republic .
Ans . The problems faced by Weimar Republic were as follows
( i ) The Weimar Republic was not treated well by the people because of the terms it was forced to accept the Treaty of Versailles at the end of the First World War . It was a harsh and humiliating treaty . By signing this treaty , the Republic carried the burden of war guilt and was financially being forced to pay compensation . It became very unpopular among Germans .
( ii ) Supporters of the Weimar Republic , i.e. Socialists , Catholics and Democrats were mockingly called the ‘ November criminals ‘ because they had accepted the humilating terms of the Versailles Treaty .
( iii ) The birth of the Weimar Republic coincided with the Russian Revolution . Soviets of workers and sailors were established in many cities . Most people were demanding Soviet – style governance .
( iv ) In the Weimar Republic , both the communists and socialists became enemies and could not unite against Hitler .
( v ) The Weimar Republic faced economic crisis . USA withdrew her support when Wall Street Exchange crashed in 1929. Workers lost their jobs and were paid reduced wages . The number of unemployed touched 6 million . This created deep anxieties and fear among people .
2. Discuss why Nazism became popular in Germany by 1930 .
or What were the reasons for the rise of Nazism in Germany ?
or Why did Nazism become popular in Germany by 1930 ? Explain .
Ans . Nazism became popular in Germany due to the following reasons
( i ) The Treaty of Versailles imposed very humiliating terms on Germany and people began to think the Weimar Republic as responsible for that .
( ii ) There was political instability under the Weimar Republic within its short period , had 20 different Cabinets lasting on an average 239 days .
( iii ) Germany witnessed a grave economic crisis and Hitler promised the people to restore prosperity and peace .
( iv ) The communists in Germany tried to stage a revolution on the pattern of the Soviet Revolution of 1917 AD . The German capitalist supported Hitler’s Nazi Party as the party was against Socialism .
( v ) Hitler had a strong personality and mass appeal . He was a powerful speaker . His passion and words inspired people . Hitler devised a new style of politics which inspired the people of Germany .
3. What are the peculiar features of Nazi thinking ?
or Describe briefly five inhuman features of Nazi thinking .
Ans . The peculiar features of Nazi thinking were
( i ) They believed that the strong should rule the world and the rest should accept their leadership .
( ii ) They believed in racial hierarchy , where the Nordic German Aryans were at the top and the Jews at the lowest rung .
( iii ) The believed that the Jews were their greatest enemies . So , the Jews were tortured and killed .
( iv ) From a very young age , children were indoctrinated both inside and outside school with the Nazi ideology of nationalism and war .
( v ) The Nazis believed in the geopolitical concept of Lebensraum or living space , i.e. new territories had to be acquired for the German nation .
( vi ) Women were seen as only bearers of the Aryan culture and race .
4. Explain why Nazi propaganda was effective in creating a hatred for Jews .
or How was Nazi propaganda successful in creating hatred for Jews ? Explain .
Ans . Nazi propaganda was successful in creating hatred for the Jews in different ways
( i ) Nazis successfully exploited the low position of the Jews in medieval times as there was a traditional Christian hatred against the Jews .
( ii ) The Jews were affluent , being mainly traders and moneylenders . The economically shattered , unemployed German people easily developed hatred against them .
( iii ) The Jews lived separately in marked areas called ghettos thus they became easy targets .
( iv ) The Nazis introduced the hatred theory against the Jews from the very beginning of the child’s school life , so that they grew up with this hatred .
( v ) Nazi ideas were spread through visual images , posters , slogans , leaflets , films etc. This propaganda worked on the minds and emotions of the German people .
5. Explain what role of women had in Nazi society . Return to Chapter 1 on the French Revolution . Write a paragraph comparing and contrasting the role of women in the two periods .
Ans . Role of women in Nazi society was dominated by the principles of a male – dominated society .
Hitler declared mother as the most important citizen . But this was limited to only Aryan women who produced racially desirable children , otherwise they would be punished .
Girls were taught that they had to became good mothers and maintain the purity of race . They must distance themselves from Jews , look after the home and teach their children Nazi values .
Differences between the French women and the Nazi women were
( i ) In France women took an equal part in social political developments of their country . Many women played important role in the French Revolution .
But in Nazi Germany women could not take part in democratic struggle as it was believed that it would destroy society .
( ii ) In France most of the women had to work for a living along with their men . But in Nazi Germany women were not allowed to work along with men .
( iii ) Women in France established their own political club and newspaper to express their views . In Nazi Germany , no political clubs or organisations were allowed .
( iv ) In France both men and women were treated equally . In Nazi Germany women were considered to be the bearers of the Aryan culture and race .
( v ) In France women could not be forced to marry against their will . They had the rights to choose their partners . But in Germany women had to maintain the purity of race , they were not allowed to mix with the Jews .
6. In what ways did the Nazi state seek to establish total control over its people ?
or State three ways in which Nazi state established total control over its people .
Ans . The Nazi state established total control over its people in the following ways
( i ) All political parties and trade unions were banned except the Nazi Party and its affiliates .
( ii ) The state established total control over the economy , media , army and judiciary .
( iii ) Germany became almost a police state . Special surveillance forces , security forces , secret state police ( Gestapo ) were created to control the society .
( iv ) The Nazi rule glorified war and chose the path of war as a way out of the economic crisis .
( v ) Hitler introduced a massive programme of militarisation to enhance the military power of Germany and to restore its international honour and glory .
Intext Questions
Activity on page 61
1. Read Sources A and B and answer the questions that follow .
Source A
‘ For this earth is not allotted to anyone nor is it presented to anyone as a gift . It is awarded by providence to people who in their hearts have the courage to conquer it , the strength to preserve it and the industry to put it to the plough … The primary right of this world is the right to life , so far as one possesses the strength for this . Hence on the basis of this right , a vigorous nation will always find ways of adapting its territory to its population size ‘ . Hitler , Secret Book , ed . Telford Taylor .
Source B
‘ In an era when the earth is gradually being divided up among states , some of which embrace almost entire continents , we cannot speak of a world power in connection with a formation whose political mother country is limited to the absurd area of five hundred kilometers . ‘
Hitler , Mein Kampf , p . 644 .
( a ) What do they tell you about Hitler’s imperial ambition ?
Ans . The two texts tell that Hitler’s imperial ambition was to expand the boundaries of Germany till wherever they could possibly reach . He believed that an aggressive nation will find methods to adjust its territory to its population’s size . In Source ‘ B ‘ , he was comparing Germany’s size to that of Russia and wanted Germany to become a world power of similar size .
( b ) What do you think Mahatma Gandhi would have said to Hitler about these ideas ?
Ans . Mahatma Gandhi would have told Hitler to remove the idea of aggression against other nations from his mind , as violence begets violence .
Activity on page 63
2. What does citizenship mean to you ? Look at Chapters 1 and 3 and write 200 words on how the French Revolution and Nazism defined citizenship .
Ans . To me , citizenship means the right to live freely in the country of my birth or the country where I desire to live . The French Revolution defined citizenship in a way which was different from way that Nazism defined it . The French people thought that all men have equal rights , as they are born equal . The rights of a citizen include liberty , security , owning of property and resisting oppression . Also they believed in the freedom of expression , whether verbal or in writing , art etc.
They believed in the rule of law and that no one can be above it . However , the Nazi definition of citizenship was quite different . It was defined with the perspective of racial discrimination against all except the ‘ pure Aryan ‘ Nordic race . So they said that Jews and other ‘ undesirable ‘ people would not be considered as citizens of Germany . These people were given very harsh treatment like death in the gas chambers or were banished from Germany .
3. What did the Nuremberg Laws mean to the ‘ undesirables ‘ in Nazi Germany ? What other legal measures were taken against them to make them feel unwanted ?
Ans . Basically , the Nuremberg Laws meant that the ‘ undesirables ‘ had no rights to live along with the other citizens . These included Jews , Gypsies , Blacks and other nationalities like Polish and Russian people .
These laws , promulgated in 1935 , stated
( i ) Only persons of German or related – blood would be German citizens , enjoying the protection of the German empire .
( ii ) Marriages between Germans and the ‘ undesirables ‘ were forbidden . Extramarital relations between them also became a crime .
Other legal measures included
( i ) Boycott of Jewish businesses .
( ii ) Expulsion of Jews from government services .
( iii ) Seizing and forcible selling of the properties of Jews .
Activity on page 70
4. Look at the figures and answer the following
What do they tell us about Nazi propaganda ? How are the Nazis trying to mobilise different sections of the population ?
Ans . The first poster is addressed to the German farmer , while the second one is addressed to the German worker . This tells us that through this kind of propaganda , the Nazis were trying to win the support of the working classes .
The first poster is condemning the capitalists and the Bolsheviks because they are the enemies of Nazism .
The second poster is telling the working class of the Germany to vote for Hitler who has fought on the front line in the First World War . From these two poster we can assume that the Nazis are trying to mobilise different sections of people under their banner . These people include agriculturalists , workers and all pure Germans under the banner of Nazi Party .
Activity on page 74
5. Write a one page history of Germany
( a ) As a school child in Nazi Germany
( b ) As a Jewish survivor of a concentration camp
( c ) As a political opponent of the Nazi regime
Ans . ( a ) As a School child in Nazi Germany I have been conditioned to behave in a particular manner since I was six years old . First I was given a flag to wave , to show my patriotism . I was told that men’s and women’s roles in life were totally different . We were told that the fight for equal rights of men and women was a thing of the past as it would destroy our society today . We boys . were taught to be aggressive , masculine and iron hearted , while the girls were told that they had to become good mothers and rear pure – blooded Aryan children .
The girls had to maintain the purity of the race , distance themselves from Jews , look after the home and teach their children Nazi values . They had to be the bearers of the Aryan culture and race .
I had to take an oath of loyalty to Hitler , proclaiming him as the saviour of the country . I have been told that after finishing school , I will join the Hitler Youth Organisation . This will be followed by military service , which is compulsory .
( b ) As a Jewish Survivor of a Concentration Camp Thanks to the Lord for saving my life . I am happy to have survived three years of torturous life in the concentration camp . Of course , I am now very weak and ill , but I am still alive . So many of my friends , relatives and even family members died before my eyes due to the bad treatment in the camp . They were regularly beaten , left to starve and made to work in very harsh conditions . Many of them were sent to the gas chambers and I was always afraid of my number coming next . Luckily , I have survived to tell this tale .
( c ) As a Political Opponent of the Nazi Regime Since the Nazis have captured power , they are making life hell for all people who do not follow their doctrine . I do not understand what they will gain by trying to conquer other nations . The bombing by the British on our homes has killed many of my relatives and friends .
Aggression on other countries will definitely cause war with them and we will also lose men and property in war . The way the Nazis are going about increasing their power , I feel , in the long run , we will lose out , as this war will make all other nations to go against us . I hope , Hider sees sense and stops this war soon .
6. Imagine that you are Helmuth . You have had many Jewish friends in school and do not believe that Jews are bad . Write a paragraph on what you would say to your father .
Ans . I would speak to my father like this
” Father , please do not behave badly with the Jews . Earlier , in my school Jewish children studied in my class and Spitz was a close friend of mine . You know him . He used to come to our home many times and both of us played together . That time , you did not say anything .
How has he suddenly become bad ? Is it only because his parents are Jews ? Now Spitz has been removed from our school and you have not allowed him to come to our home . I think this is not fair for the Jews . You should not join hands with people who are telling bad things about Jews . It is spoiling our lives and we are losing many friends . I hope you will understand what I am say and will do something about it . “
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