NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition in this step-by-step answer guide. In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their expertise of the chapter. Students regularly want guidance managing those NCERT Solutions. It’s most effective natural to get stuck withinside the exercises while solving them so that you can assist students score higher marks, we’ve provided step by step NCERT answers for all exercises of Class eleven Biology so you can are looking for assist from them. Students should solve those exercises carefully as questions withinside the final exams are requested from those, so these exercises immediately have an impact on students’ final score. Find all NCERT Solutions for Class eleven Biology below and prepare in your tests easily.

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

Class 11 Biology Chapter 12 Mineral Nutrition

 

Chapter 12 – Mineral Nutrition

Exercise Questions Page No – 205

1. ‘All elements that are present in a plant need not be essential to its survival’. Comment

Solution:

No, out of 105 elements absorbed by plants only about 17 elements are essential for plant growth and survival.

2. Why is purification of water and nutrient salts so important in studies involving mineral nutrition using hydroponics?

Solution:

Hydroponics is a method of growing plants in the nutrition solution in the absence of soil. There are plenty of impurities in impure water in the form of soluble minerals that are dissolved in it. If this water is used as a solution culture to grow plants in hydroponics, these impurities will interfere with the experimental procedure used to detect the elements. Hence, pure water and purified nutrient salts are utilized in studies involving mineral nutrition using hydroponics.

3. Explain with examples: macronutrients, micronutrients, beneficial nutrients, toxic elements and essential elements.

Solution:

Macronutrients – Nutrients present in more than 10mmole kg-1 of dry matter in plant tissues are known as macronutrients. They are required in large amounts for plant growth. Ex: Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulphur, Potassium, calcium and magnesium.

Micronutrients – are the trace elements present in less than 10mmole kg-1 of dry matter in plant. Example – manganese, copper, zinc, boron, nickel

Beneficial elements – In addition to 17essential nutrients there are some beneficial elements required by higher plants in addition to micro and macronutrients. Ex: Sodium, Silicon, Cobalt and selenium.

Toxic elements are those which are required in trace amount. Their deficiency causes diseases in plants and excess in such nutrients are toxic to plants. Ex: Sodium, Potassium, Magnesium .

Essential elements – It is an element that directly interferes in the metabolism of the plant causing a specific deficiency symptom if not available to plants from an external source.

4. Name at least five different deficiency symptoms in plants. Describe them and correlate them with the concerned mineral deficiency.

Solution:

Chlorosis: Loss of chlorophyll leading to the yellow colouration of the leaves. It is caused by the deficiency of N, K, Mg, S, Fe, Mn, Zn and Mo.

Necrosis: It is the death of leaf tissue due to deficiency of Ca, Mag, Cu,K. It is the killing of cells expressed in the form of leaf spots, rots and blights.

Inhibition of cell division: deficiency in Mo, N, K and S causes inhibition of Cell division. They are expressed in stunted growth

Delay in flowering: In some plants it is caused due to low concentration of N, S and Mo.

Deformation – It is caused due to deficiency of boron. Deformation, disorganization, discolouration of the meristematic tissue and ultimately death of a growing plant.

5. If a plant shows a symptom which could develop due to deficiency of more than one nutrient, how would you find out experimentally, the real deficient mineral element?

Solution:

Plants which show symptoms of multiple nutrient deficieny grown in different sets in water culture. Set 1 , 2 and 3 are given three different nutrients and are grown in hydroponics by supplementing one of the different nutrients showing deficiency. If real deficient element is supplemented then the plant will grow normally without showing deficiency symptoms.

6. Why is that in certain plants deficiency symptoms appear first in younger parts of the plant while in others they do so in mature organs?

Solution:

Mobility of a deficient element decides the appearance of symptoms. If the element is relatively immobile then symptoms appear in young parts and if the deficient element is mobile, then symptoms appear in older parts of the plant.

7. How are the minerals absorbed by the plants?

Solution:

The process of absorption can be established in two main phases. In the first phase, an initial rapid uptake of ions occurs passively into the ‘free space’ or ‘outer space’ of cells – the apoplast. In the second phase of uptake, the ions are taken in slowly into the symplast of the cells -‘inner space’ . The passive movement of ions into the apoplast usually takes place through ion-channels, the trans-membrane proteins that function as selective pores. The entry or exit of ions to and from the symplast requires the expenditure of metabolic energy and that is an active process. The movement of ions is usually called flux; the inward movement into the cells is influx and the outward movement, efflux.

8. What are the conditions necessary for fixation of atmospheric nitrogen by Rhizobium? What is their role in N2 -fixation?

Solution:

Following conditions are necessary for fixation of Nitrogen by Rhizobium.

  • Symbiotic relationship between Rhizobium and roots- necessary for the formation of root nodules.
  • Necessity of a reducing environment
  • Nitrogenase enzyme – synthesizes ammonia
  • ATP- is required for the synthesis of ammonia
  • NAD(P) H2 or FMNHis a source of reducing power
  • Ferredoxin – acts as an electron donor
  • Keto acids picks up amino group.
  • nitrate as a substrate – creates reduced availability of nitrate

Role of Rhizobium in N2 fixation:

  • They fix atmospheric nitrogen in a form that can be used by plants i.e., ammonia, using the nitrogenase enzyme.
  • Plant, in turn, deliveries bacteria with proteins, carbohydrates and enough oxygen so that they do not disturb the fixation process.
  • A plant protein – Leghaemoglobin assists in providing oxygen for respiration process while free oxygen concentration level is still low enough to not hinder the nitrogenase activity.

Biology - Chapter 12 - image 1

9. What are the steps involved in formation of a root nodule?

Solution:

Formation of nodules involves following steps:

  • Rhizobia colonise the roots and get attached to epidermal and root hair cells.
  • Bacteria invade the root hair and make it curled.
  • Curling produces an infection thread which carries bacteria into the cortex of the root.
  • Roots nodules are formed at the cortex of the root.
  • When infected thread carries the bacteris to the inner cortex, it modifies the bacteria into rod-shaped bacteroids . It causes inner cortical and pericycle cells to undergo division. The division and growth of cortical and pericycle cells result in nodule formation
  • The vascular tissue continues with that of the root, then a mature nodule is complete

ncert-Biology - Chapter 12 - image 2

10. Which of the following statements are true? If false, correct them:

(a) Boron deficiency leads to stout axis.

(b) Every mineral element that is present in a cell is needed by the cell.

(c) Nitrogen as a nutrient element is highly immobile in the plants.

(d) It is very easy to establish the essentiality of micronutrients because they are required only in trace quantities.

Solution:

a) True

b) False- Every mineral element that is present in a cell is not needed by the cell.

c) False- Nitrogen as a nutrient is highly mobile in plants.

d) False- It is challenging to establish the essentiality of micronutrients because they are required only in trace quantities.

Benefits of NCERT Solutions

NCERT’s Class 11 solution contains extremely important points, and for each chapter, each concept has been simplified to make it easier to remember and increase your chances of achieving excellent exam results. Exam Preparation References Here are some tips on how these solutions can help you prepare for the exam.

  1. This helps students solve many of the problems in each chapter and encourages them to make their concepts more meaningful.
  2. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 solutions encourage you to update your knowledge and refine your concepts so that you can get good results in the exam.
  3. These solutions are the best exam materials, allowing you to learn more about your week and your strengths. To get good results in the exam, it is important to overcome your weaknesses.
  4. Most of the questions in the exam are formulated in a similar way to NCERT textbooks. Therefore, students should review the solutions in each chapter in order to better understand the topic.
  5. It is free of cost.

Tips & Strategies for Class 11 Exam Preparation

  1. Plan your course and syllabus and make time for revision
  2. Please refer to the NCERT solution available on the cbsestudyguru website to clarify your concepts every time you prepare for the exam.
  3. Use the cbsestudyguru learning app to start learning to successfully pass the exam. Provide complete teaching materials, including resolved and unresolved tasks.
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  5. When you read or study a chapter, write down algorithm formulas, theorems, etc., and review them quickly before the exam.
  6. Practice an ample number of question papers to make your concepts stronger. 
  7. Take rest and a proper meal.  Don’t stress too much. 

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