NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 10 Cell Cycle And Cell Division

Class 11 Biology Chapter 10 Cell Cycle And Cell Division

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 10 Cell Cycle And Cell Division in this step-by-step answer guide. In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their expertise of the chapter. Students regularly want guidance managing those NCERT Solutions. It’s most effective natural to get stuck withinside the exercises while solving them so that you can assist students score higher marks, we’ve provided step by step NCERT answers for all exercises of Class eleven Biology so you can are looking for assist from them. Students should solve those exercises carefully as questions withinside the final exams are requested from those, so these exercises immediately have an impact on students’ final score. Find all NCERT Solutions for Class eleven Biology below and prepare in your tests easily.

NCERT Solutions For Class 11 Biology Chapter 10 Cell Cycle And Cell Division

Class 11 Biology Chapter 10 Cell Cycle And Cell Division

 

Exercise Questions Page No. – 171-172

1. What is the average cell cycle span for a mammalian cell?

Solution:

The average cell cycle span for a mammalian cell is 24 hours.

2. Distinguish cytokinesis from karyokinesis.

Solution:

Cytokinesis	Karyokinesis
It is the cell division of cytoplasm that occurs during the M phase of the cell cycle.	It is the separation of daughter chromosomes corresponding to M phase of cell cycle

3. Describe the events taking place during interphase.

Solution:

Events taking place during interphase are as follows:

• G₁ phase (Gap 1) – During this stage, the cell is metabolically active. It grows and prepares the DNA to replicate.
• S phase (Synthesis) – During this stage, the synthesis of DNA takes place. The DNA quantity doubles whereas the number of chromosomes remains unchanged
• G₂ phase (Gap 2) – During this phase, the cell advances to grow and prepare itself for division. It is during this stage that the RNA and proteins that are required for mitosis are generated.

4. What is Go (quiescent phase) of cell cycle?

Solution:

In adult animals some cells will not exhibit the cell division, and many other cells occasionally divide when there is need to replace cells that have lost because of injury or cell death. These cells exit the G1 phase to enter inactive stage of the cell cycle called G₀ phase. Cells in G₀ phase do not proliferate unless called on to do so. Hence, the cells in this phase tend to become inactive, stop dividing and become specialized through the differentiation process.

5. Why is mitosis called equational division?

Solution:

Mitosis is called equational division because the number of chromosomes in the parent and progeny cells is the same.

6. Name the stage of cell cycle at which one of the following events occur:

(i) Chromosomes are moved to spindle equator.

(ii) Centromere splits and chromatids separate.

(iii) Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place.

(iv) Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place.

Solution:

i) Chromosomes are moved to the spindle equator in the Metaphase.

ii) Centrosomes split and chromatids separate in the Anaphase

iii) Pairing between homologous chromosomes takes place in the Zygotene stage of prophase 1 in meiosis

iv) Crossing over between homologous chromosomes takes place during the Pachytene stage of prophase 1in meiosis

7. Describe the following:

(a) synapsis (b) bivalent (c) chiasmata

Draw a diagram to illustrate your answer.

Solution:

a) Synapsis – Homologous chromosomes pair together during Zygotene of prophase-I of meiosis. This pairing is called synapsis.

b) Bivalent or tetrad is the pair of complex formed by a pair of synapsed homologous chromosome during the zygotene of prophase I of meiosis.

c) Chiasmata

During diplotene, the paired chromosomes form an X-shaped structure known as chiasmata. At chiasmata, the crossing over between two non-sister chromatids takes place.

8. How does cytokinesis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells?

Solution:

Plant cytokinesis	Animals cytokinesis
Occurs by cell plate formation	Takes place by cleavage
Cell plate moves to the centre and extends towards the exterior	Cleavage begins at the periphery and advances inwards
The fusion of vesicles originates in cell plate formation	Cleavge starts with contraction of a peripheral ring of microfilaments
Midbody is not formed	Midbody is formed with dense material in the middle of the cell.

9. Find examples where the four daughter cells from meiosis are equal in size and where they are found unequal in size.

Solution:

During formation of male gametes in human beings (sperms), four daughter cell formed during meiosis are equal in size. The formation of female gamete (ovum) during meiosis results in formation of four daughter cells, unequal in size. The unequal daughter cells are – one big mature ovum and 3 small polar bodies.

10. Distinguish anaphase of mitosis from anaphase I of meiosis.

Solution:

The differences are as follows:

Anaphase of mitosis	Anaphase I of meiosis
Centromere splits and chromatids separate	centromere does not split and sister chromatids remain associated at their centromere

11. List the main differences between mitosis and meiosis.

Solution:

The differences are as follows:

Mitosis	Meiosis
Occurs in somatic cells	Occurs in germ cells
Number of chromosomes stays the same as the parent cell	The number of chromosomes gets halved in comparison to parent cells.
Two daughter cells are formed	Four daughter cells are formed
Chromosomes replicate before each mitotic division	Chromosomes do not replicate before each meiotic division

12. What is the significance of meiosis?

Solution:

Significances of Meiosis:

• It conserves specific chromosome number of each species achieved across generations.
• Enhances the genetic variability in the population of organisms from generation to generation. These variations are significant for the evolution process.
• It produces gametes for sexual reproduction
• Promotes crossing over. It introduces a new combination of variations or traits
• Chromosomal mutations can occur due to abnormalities during meiosis. a few of these can be beneficial to organisms.

13. Discuss with your teacher about

(i) haploid insects and lower plants where cell-division occurs.

(ii) some haploid cells in higher plants where cell-division does not occur.

Solution:

i) Haploid insects where cell division occurs is drones of honey bee and lower plants are Spirogyra, Chlamydomonous, Pteridophytes. These haploid gametes are produced by them through mitosis and not meiosis.

ii) Spermatozoa and ova of higher animals and microspores of higher plants will not undergo cell division.

14. Can there be mitosis without DNA replication in ‘S’ phase?

Solution:

During S phase, DNA synthesis or replication of DNA takes place. DNA replication is essential for cell division.

Without DNA replication, cell division will not take place.

15. Can there be DNA replication without cell division?

Solution:

Yes, DNA replication can take place without cell division. In order to prepare for cell division, DNA replication is necessary. Cell division is the succeeding logical step that occurs post cell division.

16. Analyse the events during every stage of cell cycle and notice how the following two parameters change

(i) number of chromosomes (N) per cell

(ii) amount of DNA content (C) per cell

Solution:

i) Yes, DNA replication can take place in G1 phase of cell cycle. The number of chromosomes remain the same and each chromosome is formed from one chromatid. In the S phase, chromosome is formed by two sister chromatids joined at the centromere. Similar conditions continue in the G2 phase, while in M phase, sister chromatids separate and move to different cells. The number of chromosomes stays the same in mitosis.

ii) Amount of DNA content in the cell remains the same in G₁ phase but in S phase it doubles as the DNA replication takes place. It remains double in G₂ phase but halved in the M phase of the cell cycle.

Benefits of NCERT Solutions

NCERT’s Class 11 solution contains extremely important points, and for each chapter, each concept has been simplified to make it easier to remember and increase your chances of achieving excellent exam results. Exam Preparation References Here are some tips on how these solutions can help you prepare for the exam.

1. This helps students solve many of the problems in each chapter and encourages them to make their concepts more meaningful.
2. NCERT Solutions for Class 11 solutions encourage you to update your knowledge and refine your concepts so that you can get good results in the exam.
3. These solutions are the best exam materials, allowing you to learn more about your week and your strengths. To get good results in the exam, it is important to overcome your weaknesses.
4. Most of the questions in the exam are formulated in a similar way to NCERT textbooks. Therefore, students should review the solutions in each chapter in order to better understand the topic.
5. It is free of cost.

Tips & Strategies for Class 11 Exam Preparation

1. Plan your course and syllabus and make time for revision
2. Please refer to the NCERT solution available on the cbsestudyguru website to clarify your concepts every time you prepare for the exam.
3. Use the cbsestudyguru learning app to start learning to successfully pass the exam. Provide complete teaching materials, including resolved and unresolved tasks.
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5. When you read or study a chapter, write down algorithm formulas, theorems, etc., and review them quickly before the exam.
6. Practice an ample number of question papers to make your concepts stronger. 
7. Take rest and a proper meal.  Don’t stress too much. 

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