Class 10 Science Term 2 Sample Paper 2022 (Solved)

Science Term 2 Sample Paper 2022 (Solved)

Class 10 Science Term 2 Sample Paper 2022, (Science) exams are Students are taught thru NCERT books in some of the state board and CBSE Schools. As the chapter involves an end, there is an exercise provided to assist students to prepare for evaluation. Students need to clear up those exercises very well because the questions inside the very last asked from those.

Sometimes, students get stuck inside the exercises and are not able to clear up all of the questions. To assist students, solve all of the questions, and maintain their studies without a doubt, we have provided a step-by-step NCERT Sample Question Papers for the students for all classes. These answers will similarly help students in scoring better marks with the assist of properly illustrated Notes as a way to similarly assist the students and answer the questions right.

Class 10 Science Term 2 Sample Paper 2022

General Instructions:

(i) All questions are compulsory.

(ii) The question paper has three sections and 15 questions.

(iii) Section – A has 7 questions of 2 marks each; Section – B has 6 questions of 3 marks each; and Section – C has 2 case based questions of 4 marks each.

(iv) Internal choices have been provided in some questions. A student has to attempt only one of the alternatives in such questions.

SECTION – A

1. (A) Observe the given table and identify the element(s) that belong to the same group. Enumerate the reason for your answer.

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(B) The elements P, Q and R belong to groups 1, 14 and 17 respectively of the Periodic Table. Which two elements will form ionic compounds? Predict the formula of the compound.              1

2. A magnetic compass needle is placed in the plane of paper near point Q as shown in figure. In which plane should a straight current carrying conductor be placed so that it passes through Q and there is no change in the deflection of the compass? Under what condition is the deflection maximum and why?           2

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3. (A) Ram reads a statement in a textbook which said “Genes control characteristics or traits”. Elaborate and justify this statement?          1

(B) Traits acquired during the life time (for example – languages) of an individual not inherited. Justify this statement.            1

4. (A) Arrange the following in increasing order of boiling points: CH4, C3H8, C5H12, C2H6, C8H18        1

(B) Identify the functional group present in the following:

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OR

Mention the 2nd and 4th member of CH3OH.        2

5. With the help of the given example in the given figure below, involving four organisms describe how energy flows through different trophic levels. (Ref. to Fig. : 1)                2

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OR

The figure shown below represent the energy flow in our biosphere. Refer to the diagram and answer the questions on the basis of the diagram given

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(A) Name the boxes represented by P, Q, and R.           1

(B) What is S and why is it linked with all three boxes?          1

6. How is the equal genetic contribution of male and female parents ensured in the progeny.

OR

“It is a possible that a trait is inherited but may not be express (iv)” Give a suitable example to justify this statement.       2

7. (A) Why are most carbon compounds poor conductors of electricity?         1

(B) Write the name and structure of a saturated compound in which the carbon atoms are arranged in a ring. Give the number of single bonds present in this compound.            1

SECTION – B

8. (A) If a harmful chemical enters the food chain comprising snakes, peacock, mice and plants, which of these organisms is likely to have the maximum concentration of this chemical in its body?      1

(B) State the essential function performed by ozone at the higher levels of the atmosphere.         1

(C) Why do producers always occupy the first trophic level on every food chain?        1

OR

Suggest one word for each of the following statement and elaborate them.

(A) The physical and biological world where we live.          1

(B) Each level of food chain where transfer of energy takes place.            1

(C) Organisms which depend on the producers either directly or indirectly for food.           1

9. The figure given below depicts the process of asexual reproduction in Plasmodium.

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(A) Name the process depicted in the figure and define it.      1½

(B) What is meant by asexual reproduction?            1 ½

10. Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit consisting of a battery of five 2 V cells, a 5 ohm resistor, a 10 ohm resistor, a 15 ohm resistor, an ammeter and a plug key, all connected in series. Calculate the electric current passing through the above circuit when the key is closed.           3

OR

(A) Mention two special features of the material used as an element of an electric iron.     1

(B) How does potential difference (V) across a resistor depend on current passing through it? What is nature of I-V graph obtained?          2

11. Flowers follow either self-pollination or cross-pollination. What could be the advantages and disadvantages of self- pollination over cross-pollination?           3

12. (A) Why does a current carrying conductor, experience a force when it is placed in a magnetic field?         1 ½

(B) A circuit has a line of 5 A. How may lamps of rating 40 W, 220 V can simultaneously glow on this line safely?          1 ½

13. (A) Identify the part of the seed that helps in storing food during the germination process.     1

(B) Hydra and Planaria reproduce through a similar mode. In what way do you think the reproduction pattern in Hydra is different from Planaria?     1

(C) Leishmania and Plasmodium both reproduce through fission process. Do you see any variation in the pattern of reproduction? If yes, how?           1

SECTION – C

This section has 02 case-based questions (14 and 15). Each case is followed by 03 sub-questions (A, B and C.) Parts A and Bare compulsory. However, an internal choice has been provided in part C.

14. The following figure shows a part of the periodic table in which the elements are arranged according to their atomic numbers. (The letters given here are not the chemical symbols of the elements).

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(A) Which element has a bigger atom, ‘a’ or ‘f’?         1

(B) Which element has a higher valency ‘k’ ‘o’?          1

(C) (i) Which element is more metallic ‘i’ or ‘k’?          1

(ii) Select the letter represent a non- metal or valency 2.            1

OR

(i) Why metals are called electropositive elements?            1

(ii) Name two elements you would expect to show chemical reactions similar to sodium. What is the basis for your choice?         1

15. Consider a situation. A bar magnet, North pole pointing downwards is falling from a certain height, as shown.

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(A) Describe the vertical motion of the magnet as it approaches the solenoid and passes through it.      2

(B) A magnetic compass shows a deflection when placed near a current carrying wire. How will the deflection of the compass get affected if the current in the wire is increased? Support your answer with a reason.        2

OR

How does the magnetic field produced by a solenoid differ from that of a bar magnet?           2

Solution of Sample Paper

SECTION – A

1. (A) For identification of elements that belong to the same group, we need to write the electronic configuration of these elements.

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As is evident from the above table, elements Q and R have 7 valence electrons each. The group is determined with the help of valence electrons. Thus, they belong to the same group, group number 17.

(B) For identifying which element will form ionic compounds, we need to compute the electronic configuration of these elements as shown below:

Table

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It is evident from the above table that the valency of the elements P, Q and R are 1, 4 and 1 respectively. Ionic compounds are formed by transfer of electrons whereas

covalent compounds are formed by sharing of electrons. Element P and R can easily lose or gain electrons to attain stability whereas element Q cannot lose or gain 4 electrons to attain stability.

Thus, elements P and R can form ionic compounds. The formula of the compounds will be as follows:

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2. When the magnetic field and direction of electric current are in the same plane, there would be deflection in the compass. For maximum deflection, magnetic field and direction of current should be in mutually perpendicular plane. So, for no deflection, conductors should be kept parallel to the magnetic compass. For maximum deflection, it should be placed perpendicular to the compass.

3. (A) Tallness of a plant is a characteristic. Height of a plant depends on the amount of hormone secreted by the plant responsible

for its tallness. The gene has the coding for the amount of hormone released. If the gene for that hormone has an alteration and makes its efficiency low, then the plant will be short. Thus, this shows that traits ore controlled by gene. – d

(B) The traits con be inherited from one generation to the other only if there is a variation/change in DNA. The traits acquired during the lifetime of an individual may not bring change in the genes of DNA.

4. (A) The increasing order of boiling points: C8H18 > C5H12 > C3H8 > C2H6 > CH4

Explanation: As the molecular mass increases by 14u after successive members of the homologous series, the boiling point increases as the Von der Waal’s interaction increases.

(B) (i) Ketone group, –Co–

(ii) Aldehyde group, –CHO

(iii) Halogen group, -X = Cl

Explanation: in the case of ketone, the carbonyl group is surrounded by alkyl group.

In case of aldehyde group, the carbonyl group is terminally placed In the last option, the hydrogen is replaced by halogen group.

OR

2nd member of CH3OH is C2H5OH, and 4th member of CH3OH is C4H11OH

Explanation: CH3OH is methanol which has alcohol as the functional group. The first member is CH4 in which one H is replaced with –OH. In a similar manner, the second member will be CnH2n+1 –OH. Following this formula, we can determine the 2nd and 4th member of the series.

5. Leaf captures the sun’s energy and uses it to make organic compounds through photosynthesis but, only 1% of the energy is converted into glucose during photosynthesis. When these leaves are eaten by caterpillar most of the energy 90% is lost as heat. Only 10% of energy reaches to the next level of the consumers.

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OR

(A) P – Producers, Q – Herbivores, R – Carnivores

(B) S-represents decomposers. As decomposers can breakdown the dead remains of all living organisms, the box S is inked with all three boxes that represent producers (plants), herbivores and carnivores.

6. In human beings, equal genetic contribution of male and female parents is ensured in the progeny through inheritance of equal number of chromosomes from both parents. There are 23 pairs of chromosomes. All human chromosomes are not paired. Out of these 23 pairs, the first 22 pairs are known as autosomes and the remaining 1 pair is known as sex chromosomes represented as X and Y. Females have a perfect pair of two X sex chromosomes and males have a mismatched pair of one X and one Y sex chromosome.

During the course of reproduction, as fertilization process takes place, the male gamete (haploid) fuses with the female gamete (haploid) resulting in formation of the diploid zygote. The zygote in the progeny receives an equal contribution of genetic material from the parents. Out of 23 pairs of chromosomes in progeny, male parent contributes 22 autosomes and one X or Y chromosome while female parent contributes 22 autosomes and one X chromosome.

OR

It is possible that a trait is inherited but may not be expressed. This can be seen in the Mendel experiment. When pure tall pea plants are crossed with pure dwarf pea plants, only tall pea plants are obtained in F1 generation. On crossing tall plants of F1, both tall and dwarf plants are obtained in F2 generation in the ratio 3: 1. Reappearance of the dwarf character, recessive trait in F2 generation shows that the dwarf trait was present in individuals of F1 but it did not got expressed. i.e it was merely concealed or suppressed in the first generation to re-emerge in the second generation.

7. (A) Carbon has 4 valence electrons which has the ability to form 4 covalent bonds Thus, it is able to form a stable octet and thus there is no extra electron present in carbon compounds to conduct electricity. Due to lack of free electrons, they are not able to conduct electricity.

(B) A saturated compound consists of single covalent bond. According to the question, a cyclic saturated compound consists of a ring like structure consisting of single covalent bonds. One such example is cyclohexane.

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The number of single, covalent bonds in cyclohexane are 18 as follows:

C-H bonds: 12

C-c bonds: 6

Total number of single bonds: 18

SECTION – B

8. (A) Peacock

(B) It shields the surface of the earth from ultraviolet (UV) radiation of the sun.

(C) The first trophic level is always a green plant because only plants can utilize the radiant energy of the sun and transform it to chemical form during photosynthesis.

OR

(A) Ecosystem: An ecosystem consists of biotic components comprising living organisms and abiotic components comprising physical factors like temperature, rainfall, wind, soil and minerals.

(B) Trophic level: A trophic level is a group of creatures in an environment that share the same food chain level, Within a food chain, there are five basic trophic levels, each of which has a different nutritional relationship with the primary energy source.

(C) Consumers: The organisms that consume the food produced, either directly from producers or indirectly by feeding on other consumers. Classed as herbivores, carnivores, omnivores and parasites.

9. (A) The process depicted in the given figure is Multiple Fission.

Multiple fission can be defined as an asexual method of reproduction in organisms in which the parent organism splits to form many new organisms at the same time.

(B) The production of a new organism from a single parent without the involvement of sex cells or gametes is called asexual reproduction. For example: Budding in Hydra.

10. Circuit diagram will be:

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It is given that five cells of 2 V are connected in series, so total voltage of the battery:

V = 2 x 5 = 10 V

These resistor of 5 Ω, 10 Ω and 15 Ω are connected in senes, so the net resistance

R = 5 Ω + 10 Ω + 15 Ω = 30 Ω

According to Ohm’s law

V = IR

and I = V/R

On substituting resultant voltage (V) as 10 V and resultant resistant as 30 Ω we get,

I = 10 V/30 Ω = 0.33 A

The electric current passing through the above circuit when the key is closed will be 0.33 A.

OR

(A) High melting point, High resistance

(B) The potential difference across a wire is akin to the pressure applied across a pipe containing water. The more the pressure the more the water that flows through the pipe. Similarly the more the potential difference the more the current through the wire and vice-versa. This is known as the Ohm’s law. The constant of proportionality is known as Resistance of the wire. The I-V graph is a straight line passing through the origin and lying on the x-y plane.

11. Advantages of self pollination:

(1) Flowers do not depend on other agencies for pollination.

(2) No wastage of pollen grains occur and thus, economical.

(3) The offsprings produced are of the same genetic make-up, so purity of the race is maintained.

Disadvantages of self pollination:

(1) Continuous self-pollination results in production of water.

(2) No chances or very less chances of variations and evolution.

(3) Defective character of breed are not eliminated.

12. (A) When a current-carrying conductor is placed in a magnetic field, the wire experiences a force due to the interaction between the external magnetic field and the magnetic field produced by the moving charges in the wire. The current carrying conductor generates it own magnetic field around it. This interacts with the external magnetic field. When two magnetic fields interact there will be attraction and repulsion between them based on the direction of the external magnetic field and the direction of the current in the conductor. That is why the conductor experiences a force.

(B) We know that,

I = P/V = 40W/200V

= 2/11

= 0.182 A

0.182 A or 2/11 A is required by one lamp

Current rating i.e

maximum current = 5 A

No. of lamps

= Current rating / Current through one lamp = 5 / 0.18

= 27 lamps

13. (A) Cotyledon

During germination, the cotyledon stores food. The food is needed to release energy in order to faster the growth of the plant. The seeds could be of monocot or dicot type based on the number of cotyledons they have.

(B) Hydra reproduces by budding. In Hydra, a bud develops as an outgrowth due to repeated cell division at one specific site. These buds develop into tiny individuals and when fully mature, detach from the parent body and become new independent individuals.

Planaria reproduces by regeneration. Planaria can be cut into any number of pieces and each piece grows into a complete organism. Hence it is different from budding process.

(C) Plasmodium, divides into many daughter cells simultaneously by multiple fission. While in Leishmania, the organism divides into two halves longitudinally.

SECTION – C

14. (A) ‘a’ (size decreases from left to right in a period).

(B) ‘k’ (valency of ‘k’ = 3; valency of ‘o’ = 1).

(C) (i) ‘i’ (metallic character decreases from left to right in a period).

(ii) ‘f’ (or ‘n’)

OR

(C) (i) Metals are called electropositive elements since their atoms form positive ions by losing electrons.

(ii) Potassium, K and Cesium, Cs are the metals that would show chemical reactions similar to sodium. This is because they have the same number of electrons in the outermost shell.

15. (A) Initially when the magnet is far from the solenoid it will fall freely and accelerate downwards at a rate of 9.81 m/s2.

As it approaches the solenoid its rapidly changing magnetic flux through the solenoid will induce a current in the solenoid.

Owing to law of electromagnetic induction the current in the solenoid will generate a magnetic field which will oppose the magnetic field due to the bar magnet, as shown.

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This repulsive force will slow down the magnet. As the magnet passes through the coll this repulsion will increase which will further slow down the falling magnet.

Hence on emerging out of the coil the induced current in the coil will again. Oppose the movement of the magnet and will further slow it down.

So the magnet will fall to the ground at a much slower speed than what it would have fallen had the coil not been there.

(B) A magnetic compass is made of magnetised iron that points to the earth’s pole. When another magnet is brought close enough, the compass will point in the direction of the second magnet since its magnetic strength is greater than that of the earth.

When a current carrying wire is introduced close to a magnetic compass, the magnetic compass will deflect due to the production of a magnetic field. A wire carrying electric current will have a magnetic field that forms concentric rings around it. One of the magnet’s ends will attract, while the other will repel, depending on its orientation.

Because the electric field is exactly proportional to the magnetic field intensity, the deflection will rise as the current is increased. We can say that the magnetic field is stronger when the electric field is strong.

OR

A solenoid is a coil of numerous circular turns of wire wrapped in the shape of a cylinder. A solenoid’s magnetic field lines, through which current passes, are extremely similar to those of a bar magnet. The coil’s one end acts as a magnetic north pole, while the other works as a magnetic south pole. A long solenoid produces a magnetic field that is identical to that produced by a bar magnet.

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