Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 6 Political Parties
| 1. Exercise Questions |
| 2. Intext Questions |
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NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 6 Political Parties
Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 6 Political Parties
Exercise Questions
Q. 1. State the various functions political parties perform in a democracy .
Ans . The various functions political parties perform in a democracy are as follows :
• Contest election : Candidates are put forward by all political parties to contest in elections . These candidates may be chosen by the top leaders or by the members of the party .
• Put forward policies and programmes : Political parties put forward their policies and programmes for the welfare of the people and voters choose those parties whose policy they like the most .
• Making Laws : Political parties play a major role in making laws for the country . No law can become a bill unless a majority of the par ties support it .
• Form the government : Political parties form and run governments . Parties recruit leaders , train them and then make them ministers to run the government in the way they want .
• Play the role of opposition : Parties that lose election play the role of opposition to the party in power , by voicing different views and criticizing the government for its failures or wrong policies . Opposition parties also mobilize opposition to the government .
• Voice public opinion : Political parties voice the public opinion and raise issues to social concern . Parties sometimes also launch movements for the resolution of problems faced by people . Often opinions in the society crystallize on the lines parties take .
• Social welfare schemes : Political parties form an important link between the government and the people . It is easy for the public to approach their local leader than a government official . The local leader has to listen to the public demand , other wise , he will lose the next election .
Q. 2. What are the various challenges faced by political parties ?
Ans . The various challenges faced by political parties are :
• Lack of Internal democracy : Every member of the party does not have a chance to take part in the decision – making process . Power remains in the hands of a few top leaders , who do not consult ordinary members . All the major or minor decision are taken by the party head . Ordinary members have no information about the internal working of the party . They hardly get a ‘ ticket ‘ in an election . Since one or a few leaders exercise paramount power in the party , those who disagree with the leadership find it difficult to continue in the party . More than loyalty to party prin ciples and policies , personal loyalty to the leader becomes more important .
• Dynastic Succession : The biggest challenge within the political party is the issues of dynastic succession . These parties do not have transparent functioning and always try to give an unfair advantage to their family members . Hence , a political party remains under the control of one family . This is unfair to the other members of the party . This is also bad for democracy since people who do not have adequate experience or popular support come to occupy the positions of power . We can take examples of Congress , SP , RJD , DMK , etc. .
• Money and Muscle Power : Money is needed . ganize demonstrations , public meet ings , and speeches to publicize the image of the party . Parties choose those candidates who can raise money for the party and win elections with their money . Rich people and companies who give funds to the parties tend to have an influence on the policies and deci sions of the party . Sometimes parties also sup port criminals candidates because they can win elections .
• The Meaningful choice to others : Most of the political parties have the same fundamental and ideological issues . Voters do not have a meaningful choice . Even leaders keep changing parties , thus confusing the voter .
Q. 3. Suggest some reforms to strengthen parties so that they perform their functions well ?
Ans . Some reforms to strengthen parties are :
• A law should be made to regulate the internal affairs of political parties . Amendment was made in the constitution to prevent MPs and MLAs from changing parties . If anyone tries to change his / her party then he / she will lose their seat . This new law has helped to bring defection down .
• It should be mandatory for political parties to give a minimum number of tickets ( about 1 / 3rd ) to the women candidates . Similarly , there should be a quota for women in decision making bodies of the party .
• There should be state funding of elections . The government should give parties money to support election expenses . This support could be given in the form of petrol , paper , telephone , etc. This may reduce the influence of money in the election .
• Supreme Court has in reducing the influence of criminals and money in elections . It is now mandatory for every person contesting the election , to give an affidavit regarding his wealth and criminal cases pending against him . The new system has made a lot of information available to the public .
Q. 4. What is a political party ?
Ans . A political party is a group of people who follow an ideology and thus come together to contest elections and hold power in the government . They agree on some policies and programmes for the society with a view to promote the collective good .
Q. 5. What are the characteristics of a political party ?
Ans . Characteristics of a political party are as follows :
A political party has members who agree on the same policies and programmes for the society keeping in view to promote common welfare for the people .
It seeks to implement the policies by winning popular support from the people through elections .
The presence of a leader makes the difference for the party workers and supporters .
It is a group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government .
Q. 6. A group of people who come together to contest elections and hold power in the government is called a _____ .
Ans . Political Party
Q. 7. Match List I ( organisations and struggles ) with List – II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists :
Ans .
Q. 8. Who among the following is the founder of the Bahujan Samaj Party ?
( i ) Kanshi Ram
( ii ) Sahu Maharaj
( iii ) B.R. Ambedkar
( iv ) Jyotiba Phule
Ans . ( i ) Kanshi Ram
Explanation : BSP seeks to represent and secure the power for the Bahujan Samaj party which includes the Dalits , Adivasis , OBC’s and various religious minorities .
Q. 9 . What is the guiding philosophy of the Bharatiya Janata Party ?
( i ) Bahujan Samaj
( ii ) Revolutionary democracy
( iii ) Integral humanism
( iv ) Modernity
Ans . ( iv ) Modernity
Explanation : Wants to build a strong and modern India by drawing inspiration from India’s ancient culture and values .
Q. 10. Consider the following statements on parties .
( i ) Political parties do not enjoy much trust among the people .
( ii ) Parties are often rocked by scandals involving top party leaders .
( iii ) Parties are not necessary to run governments .
Which of the statements given above are correct ?
( i ) A , B , and C
( ii ) A and B
( iii ) B and C
( iv ) A and C
Ans . ( i ) and ( ii )
Intext Questions
Q. 1. Okay granted that we can’t live without political parties . But tell me how do we live with the kind of political parties we have ? [ Page 73 ]
Ans . There is nothing wrong with any of the political parties . It is we people who have everything in our hands in a democracy . So , if we are right in our thought and action , the parties will have to work accordingly . They simply represent what we are . They also come from our society . Even if they do not work rightly , we have ballots in our hands which give them life .
Q. 2. Kishenji is no more . What would be your advice to these four activists ? Should they form a new political party ? Can a political party become a moral force in politics ? What should that party be like ? [ Page 76 ]
Ans . ( i ) These activists should move ahead with the idea of formation of a new political party . It is obvious that initially , they will not gain popular support , but if they continue to put moral force in their party , very soon they with win faith of the people . It is only then they can do anything good for society , which is the urgent need of today’s politics .
( ii ) Yes , of course .
( iii ) Yes . It can do so by translating its promises into actions . Once the party does so , very soon it will gain popular support .
That party should focus on the immediate problems of the people . The party should select only those candidates who are willing to serve the society in the true sense . The candidates should come from the locality and should have an idea of the common problems of that locality . Even if this party does not with enough seats to form a government it can act as a strong opposition or pressure group .
Q. 3. Let us apply what we have learnt about party systems to the various states within India . Here are three major types of party systems that exist at the state level . Can you find the names of at least two states for each of these types ? [ Page 77 ]
( i ) Two – party system
( ii ) A multi – party system with two alliances
( iii ) Multi – party system
Ans . ( i ) Two – party system : Rajasthan , Gujarat , Himachal Pradesh , and Madhya Pradesh .
( ii ) A multi – party system with two alliances : Maharashtra , Jammu and Kashmir , Jharkhand , West Bengal .
( iii ) Multi- party system : Bihar , Uttar Pradesh , Tamil Nadu .
Q. 4 . Why don’t parties give enough tickets to women ? Is that also due to lack of internal democracy ? [ Page 83 ]
Ans . ( i ) We all know about the patriarchal mentality of most of the India society . Men always tend to use authority and politics is not an exception . If the parties give tickets to women , steadily the power will go into their hands , which the Indian mentality is still not ready to accept .
( ii ) Yes , this is an example of lack of internal democracy .
( iii ) At least one – third of the seats , for which the party is contesting , should be allocated to the women .
Q.5 . Do you agree that this form of reforming political parties will be acceptable to them ? [ Page 86 ]
Ans . We hope so because this is good not only for them but also for democracy . After all , they all are meant for strengthening democracy . They also feel the need for reformation . A fair politics , we think , will be appreciated by all the parties usually . [ Page 87 ]
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