Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste
| 1. Exercise Questions |
| 2. Intext Questions |
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste in this step-by-step answer guide. In some of State Boards and CBSE schools, students are taught thru NCERT books. As the chapter comes to an end, students are requested few questions in an exercising to evaluate their expertise of the chapter. Students regularly want guidance managing those NCERT Solutions. It’s most effective natural to get stuck withinside the exercises while solving them so that you can assist students score higher marks, we’ve provided step by step NCERT answers for all exercises of Class ten Social Science Gender, Religion and Caste so you can are looking for assist from them. Students should solve those exercises carefully as questions withinside the final exams are requested from those, so these exercises immediately have an impact on students’ final score. Find all NCERT Solutions for Class ten Social Science Gender, Religion and Caste below and prepare in your tests easily.
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste
Class 10 Political Science (civics) Chapter 4 Gender Religion and Caste
Exercise Questions
Q. 1. Mention different aspects of life in which women are discriminated or disadvantaged in India .
Ans . In India , women are discriminated and disadvantaged in the following ways :
● Less education : Girls are provided with less education as compared to boys . Literacy rate in India is 74.04 % out of which 82.14 % are males and 65.46 % are females . The percentage of females opting for higher studies is very low . They are not provided with adequate education .
● Paid less for the same work : Most of the labour done by them is unpaid where they are paid for their work , they receive lesser wages than men . In fact , the majority of women do some sort of paid work in addition to domestic labour . But their work is not valued and does not get recognition .
● Wish to have a male child : Due to the preference for the boy child , female feticide is practised in many parts of the country . Such sex – selective abortion led to a decline in child sex ratio in the country to merely 940 .
Q. 2. State different forms of communal politics with one example each .
Ans . Different forms of communal politics :
● The most common form of communalism is our day to day beliefs or religious ideas . These ideas include the belief in the superiority of one religion as compared to another religion , religious prejudices , and stereotypes of religious communities .
● The desire to form a majority dominance or a separate state . Separatist leaders and political parties in Jammu and Kashmir and Central India are an example of this .
● The use of religious leaders , sacred symbols , emotional appeal and plain fear in order to bring the followers of one religion together in the political arena is the technique applied by many politicians to influence voters from the two largest religious communities in the country .
● In addition to all this , communal politics can take the form of communal violence and riots , like the riots in Gujarat in 2002 .
Q. 3. State how caste inequalities are still continuing in India .
Ans . Caste inequality has not disappeared from contemporary India .
● Endogamy : The meaning of endogamy is to marry within the caste or group and not out of it . They think that their caste is superior to others due to which they look at other castes with hatred . In this way , endogamy is a factor of inequality based on caste .
● Untouchability : Untouchability has not ended completely despite constitutional prohibition .
● Effects of centuries of advantages and disadvantages continue to be felt today .
● The caste groups that had access to education under the old system have done very well in acquiring modern education as well . Example Caste continues to be closely linked to economic status .
Q. 4. State two reasons to say that caste alone cannot determine election results in India .
Ans . Caste alone cannot determine election results in India because :
● No parliamentary constituency has a clear majority of one single caste- to regard as a vote bank . Every candidate or party , therefore , needs to win the trust of the entire community .
● It’s not certain that people with the same caste or community have the same interests . They may have different interests depending on their economic status and social condition . Thus caste cannot be a sole factor .
● Voters may have more than one candidate from their caste while others may not have any candidate from their caste .
● Irrespective of caste , voters consider the performance of the government and popularity of the leaders while voting . Hence the ruling party in the sitting MP or MLA frequently lose elections in our country .
Hence , we can clearly conclude that ” caste alone cannot determine election result in India . “
Q.5 . What is the status of women’s representation in India’s legislative bodies ?
Ans . The representation of women in legislative bodies , in India , is among the lowest group of nations in the world . Women’s representation has always been less than 10 % in Lok Sabha and 5 % in the State Assemblies . India is behind the averages of several developing countries of Africa and Latin America . In the government , cabinets are largely all – male even when a woman becomes the chief minister or the Prime Minister .
This problem has been solved by the introduction of Panchayati Raj and making it legally binding to have a fair proportion of women in the elected bodies . As one – third of seats i.e. 33 % in local government bodies ( panchayats and municipalities ) are reserved for women , there are more than 10 lakh elected women representatives in rural and urban local bodies .
Q. 6. Mention any two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state .
Ans . Two constitutional provisions that make India a secular state are :
● Freedom to practice , profess and propagate the religion of one’s choice .
● The Constitution states that the government shall not discriminate against any citizen on the basis of his or her religion and has laid the foundation of policies to reverse the injustices of the caste system .
● There is no state religion in the country .
Q. 7. When we speak of gender divisions , we usually refer to :
( i ) Biological difference between men and women .
( ii ) Unequal roles assigned by society to men and women
( iii ) Unequal child sex ratio
( iv ) Absence of voting rights for women in democracies
Ans . ( ii ) Unequal roles assigned by the society to men and women .
Explanation : All the work inside the home is done by the woman of the family and men work outside the house , participate in public affairs and take decisions for the whole family .
Q. 8. In India , seats are reserved for women in
( a ) Lok Sabha
( b ) State legislative assemblies
( c ) Cabinets
( d ) Panchayati Raj bodies
Ans . ( d ) Panchayati Raj bodies
Explanation : One – third of seats in local bodies – in panchayats and municipalities are now reserved for women .
Q. 9. Consider the following statements on the meaning of communal politics . Communal politics is based on the belief that :
A. One religion is superior to that of others .
B. People belonging to different religions can live together happily as equal citizens .
C. Followers of a particular religion constitute one community .
D. State power cannot be used to establish the domination of one religious group over others .
Which of the statements is / are correct ?
( a ) A , B , C , and D
( b ) A , B , and D
( c ) A and C
( d ) B and D
Ans . ( c ) A and C
Explanation : Communal politics is based on the idea that religion is the principal basis of the social community .
Q. 10. Which among the following statements about India’s Constitution is wrong ?
( i ) It prohibits discrimination on grounds of religion .
( ii ) gives official status to one religion
( iii ) provides to all individuals freedom to profess any religion .
( iv ) ensure equality of citizens within religious communities .
Ans . ( ii ) gives official status to one religion .
Explanation : There is no official religion in the country nor any religion gets any type of preference .
Q. 11. Social division based on __________ are peculiar to India .
Ans . caste
Explanation : Caste system was based on the exclusion of and discrimination against the ‘ outcaste ‘ groups .
Q. 12. Match List I with List – II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the Lists :
Options
Intext Questions
Q. 1. Discuss all these perceptions of ideal women that prevail in our society . Do you agree with any of these ? If not , what is your image of an ideal woman ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 41 ]
Ans . It is good to see that women are showing their talent in every walk of life . It is not right to agree with anyone perception of women , shown through the figures , along . In my view , an ideal woman is who has the quality of managing both housework and work outside the house . Of course , this needs equal cooperation of man .
Q. 2. Could you think of some reasons why women’s representation is so low in India ? Do you think America’s and Europe have achieved a satisfactory level of women’s representation ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 44 ]
Ans . 1. The women’s literacy rate is very low and if some are educated , they are not politically motivated . They and their male family members think politics is not the profession of women . Political parties are also not giving tickets to women candidates to fight election in proportion to their population .
2. No , neither America’s nor Europe have achieved a satisfactory level of women’s representation . Because in the Americas there is only 20.2 per cent and in Europe only 19.6 per cent women in the national parliament . These percentages are not proportional to their population in the respective countries .
Q. 3. If casteism and communalism are bad , what makes feminism a good thing ? Why don’t we oppose all those who divide the society on any lines – caste , religion or gender ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 45 ]
Ans . Feminism is not a bad thing . It believes in equal rights and opportunities for men and women . Social divisions like communalism and casteism usually divide society and enhance inequality while feminism talks about equality . Enhancing women power will make our society stronger .
Q.4 . I am not religious . Why should I bother about communalism and secularism ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 46 ]
Ans . If you are not religious it means you don’t believe God . Communalism is a social phenomenon based on the barbaric attitude of some religious communities . These attitudes and activities , if followed , harm the social system and the relations among the different religious communities .
So , you should also bother about communalism to make peace in the society . Secularism means there is no state religion instead of the state respects all religions equally .
So , whether you are religious or not , you should also bother about the secularism so that there will not be any favour or discrimination against any religion . It will maintain a healthy atmosphere in the country .
Q.5 . I often crack jokes about people from one religion . Does that make me communal ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 47 ]
Ans . Religion is a faith of a person or a group of people in a particular way of prayer to a specific supernatural power . This faith is very much based on personal and community grounds . So , you should not make jokes about the people of any religion . It may result in communal tension in society and you will be responsible .
Q. 6. I don’t care what my caste is . Why are we discussing all this in the textbook ? Are we not promoting casteism by talking about caste ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 51 ]
Ans . India is a multilingual religious and caste – based country . It is known fact that there are people of different castes living together in India society . So reality cannot be hidden . This is the reason why there is a discussion on caste in this textbook . We cannot promote casteism only by talking about casts .
Q. 7. Now you don’t like it ! Didn’t you tell me that wherever there is domination , we should discuss it in political science ? Will caste disappear if we keep mum about it ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 51 ]
Ans . ( i ) Caste has become a very strong phenomenon in India politics . That is why whenever and wherever there is the domination of one caste over others , we discuss it in political science .
( ii ) Caste will not disappear from India politics and four society merely by keeping mum about it . Because it has become a part and parcel of our political and social system .
Q. 8. Do you think that political leaders are right to treat people belonging to caste as ‘ vote banks ‘ ? [ NCERT Textbook Page 53 ]
Ans . I think that political leaders are not right in treating people belonging to caste as vote banks . The reason is that making a vote bank based on caste will divide the velocity into different groups by dirty game of politicians and political parties during elections to win the election . It can create tension among different castes , as a result , there may be bloodsheds on the occasion of polling .
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