| Textbook | NCERT |
| Board | CBSE Board, UP board, JAC board, HBSE Board, Bihar Board, PSEB board, RBSE Board, UBSE Board |
| Class | 6th Class |
| Subject | Civic| Political Science | Social Science |
| Chapter | Chapter 6 |
| Chapter Name | Rural Administration |
| Topic | Rural Administration CBSE Class 6 Civic Chapter 6 Notes |
| Medium | English |
| Especially Designed Notes for | CBSE, ICSE, IAS, NET, NRA, UPSC, SSC, NDA, All Govt. Exam |
Rural Administration
Police Station
Every police station has an area that comes under its jurisdiction and control so that every person in that area can report cases or inform the police about any theft, accident, injury, fight etc. It is the duty of the police to enquire, to investigate and take action on the cases within its area. Thus, the police maintain law and order in the area.
Maintenance of Land Records
The records of lands or fields are kept in the government files. The Patwari maintains and updates the records of the village and the fields of villagers. The main work of a Patwari is measuring land and keeping records of land.
Patwari
- The Patwari is known by different names in different states; in some villages such officers are called Lekhpal, in others Kanungo or Karamchari or Village Officer etc. Each Patwari is responsible for a group of villages.
- The Patwari usually has ways of measuring agricultural fields. In some places, a long chain is used. The Patwari also collects the revenue from the farmers and informs the government about the crops grown in this area. All these activities are done through the records.
- The revenue department of the government watches the records of how farmers may change the crops grown on their fields. A senior member of the revenue department supervises the Patwari’s work.
Tehsildar
All the states in India are divided into districts and the districts are further sub-divided into tehsils, talukas etc. The head of district administration is the District Collector2 and under it the Tehsildars 3 work. Tehsildars are also known as the Revenue Officers.
The works of Tehsildars are as follows:
- They supervise the work of the Patwaris.
- They ensure that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
- They have to hear disputes.
- They ensure that the farmers can easily obtain a copy of their record.
- They ensure that the students can easily get their caste certificates etc.
A New Law
When we think of farmers who own land, we usually think of men. Women are seen as workers on the fields, not owners of agricultural land. Till recently in some states, Hindu women did not get a share in the family’s agricultural land. After the death of the father, his property was equally divided among sons only, not daughters.
According to the Hindu Succession Amendment Act, 2005, sons, daughters and their mothers can get an equal share in the land. The law is applied to the whole country. This law will benefit a large number of women.
We can understand this law through the following example:
Sudha is the eldest daughter of an agricultural family. She is married and lives in a neighbouring village. After her father’s death, Sudha often comes to help her mother with the farming work. Her mother asked the Patwari to transfer the land and enter her name along with the names of all the children in his record.
Sudha’s mother confidently organises the farming with the help of the younger brother and sister. Similarly, Sudha also lives with the assurance that if she ever has a problem, she can always depend upon her share of the land.
- Police station It is a place where people register their complaints. Every police station has an area that comes under its control. All persons in that area can report cases or inform the police about any theft, accident, fight or injury etc.
- District Collector District Collector is the head of administration in a district.
- Tehsildar Head of revenue department in a tehsil. He checks the work of Patwari and Lekhpal.
- A New Law It is a Hindu Succession Amendment Act, constituted in 2005. According to this new law, the son, daughter and wife of a person can get equal share in a deceased person’s property.
